Strabismus can not disappear, it should be treated. The treatment depends on the age, the cause of the illness, the type and degree of the eye turn. Treatment can be along or combined, it depends of the kind of strabismus and its cause is. Among its types there are glasses (necessary to make focusing better and redirect the line of sight, making the eyes straight), eye drops or ointment applied with or without glasses, injected medication that weakens the hyperactivity of eye muscles, patching, prisms, surgery on eye muscles aimed at straightening of the eyes and eye exercises recommended before or after surgery. Patching is a kind of treatment when with the coverage of the better eye the weaker eye is reinforced to be applied. The brain gets used to use a weak eye in a proper way and vision gets better with time. Patching should be performed only in early childhood, before the child will have amblyopia.
The treatment for strabismus is the same as amblyopia treatment: one can use vision therapy (patching or visual exercises), correctly prescribed or bifocal or prism corrected glasses necessary for proper focusing, eyedrops for focusing or surgery. Surgery is necessary for the misaligned eyes but it can not treat amblyopia. It is done for the straightening of a crossed eye. The surgery is performed either with local or general anesthesia. Various surgical techniques can be applied according to the involved muscle and the degree of the eye turn. Before a surgery the ocular muscles are injected with Botox (botulinum), necessary for relaxion of the muscles and temporary correction of strabismus.
There are different types of strabismus:
1) Rabbit Two Eyes to the Side.
Hunted or herbivorous animals (e.g., horse, rabbit, cow) have lateral placement of the eyes necessary for side or peripheral vision. Side vision is required for motion or movement. Peripheral vision is required for the survival of animals, it alerts the animal of the danger and it begins to run immediately.
2) Tiger Two Eyes in Front.
Hunters that move quickly do not require much peripheral vision. Their eyes are located in such a way that ensures accurate determination of the distance from the animals to that prey and its exact placement. Carnivorous or meat eating animals, (lion, cat), people also have frontal of the two eyes. Side vision is more important than peripheral vision. Most carnivorous animals have a sophisticated, pivoting system.
Frontal location of the eyes is known as stereopsis, the simultaneous work of both eyes for relative depth perception.
While speaking about strabismus one should say about stereopsis when two slightly images are got from each eye. It is like two various pictures from two "cameras" (the eyes) required for the sensation of strong three-dimensionality or relative depth. Stereopsis is necessary for various human activites, such as, catching a ball, parking a car, threading a needle, performing surgery, or any other activity demanding accurate depth perception at close distances. It is used mostly at close distances when there is a necessity for activities when accurate hand-eye coordination is applied.
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